Saturday, May 5, 2012
MODERN HOSTILITY TO REVIVALS.
Horatius
Bonar (1808-1889)
The
world has condemned “revivals”—not the name merely, but the
thing. It speaks out privately, both in conversation and in letters.
It speaks out publicly in its newspapers and literary journals.
Though some of its organs have been silent, though others have
chronicled “revival facts” as items of needful intelligence, yet
its leading organs have given verdict against
them in warm and insulting language; the verdict, as it is reckoned,
of modern intellect and philosophic candour.
Though
not so actively intolerant as in last century, the world, under the
progress of the nineteenth, is quite as hostile as the eighteenth,
and indicates no abatement of malignity. It has not yet summoned the
mob to-stone the preacher and scatter the congregation; it has left
that to the Romish priest; yet it hints that there is room for the
interference of
magistracy
and police, to protect the sober-minded community from the contagion
of a fanaticism, which the world dreads as much as it hates.
The
attack has, as yet, been more general than special; individual
ministers or others, doers of the work, have been spared. It was not
so in the days of Whitefield and his fellows. He “Stood pilloried
on infamy’s high stage, And bore the pelting scorn of half an age;
The very butt of slander, and the blot For every dart that malice
ever shot. The man that mention’d him at once dismiss’d, All mercy
from his lips, and sneer’d and hiss’d; His crimes were such as
Sodom never knew, And perjury stood up to swear all true; His aim was
mischief, and his zeal presence, His speech rebellion against common
sense; A knave, when tried on honesty’s plain rule; And when by
that of reason, a mere fool. The world’s best comfort was, his doom
was pass’d, Die when he might, he must be damn’d at last.”
In
our day, the hostility has not yet reached this extreme, though,
certainly, it is not far from it. Delusion, fanaticism, enthusiasm,
insanity, hysterics, and such like, are the words now current
regarding the Irish revival, especially in secular newspapers and
among worldly men. These, however, are very harmless
missiles—projectiles of the old school of warfare, neither of a
long range nor very destructive.
The
world’s peace has been sorely disturbed; and though political, or
warlike, or diplomatic disturbances are rather relished as a relief
from tedium and routine than disliked as a nuisance; yet disturbance
from a religious quarter; disturbance which explodes man’s fond
theories of self regeneration; disturbance which sinks the political,
and the romantic, and the external, and brings up into vivid
prominence and breadth the purely spiritual and eternal element;
disturbance which condemns the world and the world’s ways;
disturbance from such a quarter and of such a nature is not a thing
which can be tolerated. The disturbers of the peace must take the
alternative of being bound or banished. The war trumpet of Magenta or
Solferino, summoning thousands to death and sending sorrow into
unnumbered families, is a thing of poetry, and must be celebrated by
a hundred pens; the peace-trumpet of Connor and Coleraine, calling
the dead to life, and pouring gladness into souls and families and
villages without number, is harsh and hateful, the fit object of
invective and malignant ridicule.
The
world is unjust; and the ground on which it bases its attack
indicates the injustice. It looks only at one side of the subject,
and deals only with one class of facts. It finds some excitement,
some extravagance; and it exhibits these as specimens of the revival.
By such arguments the admirers of continental tyranny have always
defended themselves and their despotisms, pointing to the
extravagances said and done in Great Britain as a conclusive
demonstration against liberty. This is injustice. Every subject has
its weak side; but it is unjust to present the weak parts as
specimens of the whole. Every religious subject has its human side,
and there the imperfections of fallen humanity will shew themselves;
but it is unjust to argue from the imperfection that all is evil and
hollow. Especially is it unjust to isolate these imperfections; and
then, having coloured and magnified them, to exhibit them as
specimens of religion, and of the doings of religious men.
It
was precisely in this way that Paine, Voltaire, and the infidels of a
former generation attacked the Bible. They took the characters
described and events narrated in Scripture, and isolating the bad
from the good, they scoffingly proclaimed the former as specimens of
a book calling itself divine. They pointed to Noah’s drunkenness,
and asked, Is this the man that
is declared “perfect in his generation?” They pointed to David’s
fall, and asked, Is this “the man after God’s own heart?” They
argued against the Bible exactly as our worldly newspapers are
arguing against the revival The argument of both is, that a thing, or
a book or an event containing in it decided elements of human frailty
and evil, cannot be from God.
But if this be valid, then what is there in our world that can claim
to be of God? Our earth is swept by storms, convulsed with
earthquakes, strewed with death; can it be of God? The flower fades,
the tree sheds its leaf, the serpent stings, the tiger devours; can
they be the workmanship of God? This body is impregnated with disease
and pain, mortality and
corruption; can it have come from the hand of God? Were we, then, to
argue at large on the same principles on which the world argues as to
revivals, we could prove that nothing, on earth at least, is divine.
The
world is unfair in the handling of its own argument. Even admitting
that the adhering evils are to be the test of the character of the
whole work, the evidence as to the existence of these evils, and
specially as to their number and magnitude, ought to be fairly taken.
The witnesses ought to be competent as well as impartial. This is
denied us. The newspaper
assailants declare that they must choose their own witnesses, and
that no minister or person specially interested in the work, or
religious persons generally, can be received as witnesses. In other
words, the only testimony to be received is that of men who know
nothing of religion, who dislike religious earnestness, and who are
prejudiced against revivals. Such witnesses are surely neither
competent nor impartial. They are both biased and blinded. We should
not count the keeper of a bar a fair witness as to the utility of
temperance societies. In determining the nature of the telegraph, we
should not call in agriculturists, or lawyers, but men of science,
men who know the subject, and who have a real interest in it. In the
inquest upon the late explosion in the “Great Eastern,” it would
not have served the ends of justice or of commerce to have called in
the Poet Laureate or the Lord Chancellor of England; still less to
have got the testimony of some noted enemy of the ship, and of the
company. So, most certainly, the friends rather than the enemies of
revivals ought to be examined upon the subject; ministers rather than
secular correspondents of newspapers ought to be admitted, if not
into the jury, at least into the witness-box. To act otherwise is to
treat the subject most unfairly, without regard to the common rules
of law, or the common principles of equity. Nothing can be more
certain to defeat all fair inquiry, and to produce a false verdict,
than the exclusion of those witnesses who understand the subject
best, and have been most thoroughly conversant with all the facts of
the case, great and small, favourable and adverse.
In
its attacks and condemnations the world has been as inconsistent as
it is unjust. It does and it applauds the same things in its own
circle which it censures among religious men. It condemns the
excitement of the revival, yet fosters that of the opera or
ball-room. It condemns appeals to the feelings in the pulpit, and
sneers at the “fanaticism” of men weeping for sin; yet it pleads
for such appeals in the theatre, and records in its journals the
impressions produced on such a night, when under such a skilful actor
the whole audience was dissolved in tears. It vehemently denounces
the late hours of some religious meetings; yet glories in telling
that at such and such a party dancing was kept up till sunrise. It
condemns the crowds of the open-air meetings, yet carefully registers
the crowds at the fair or the race-course, and the thousands that
poured in by this train and the other train from north and south.
This
is as inconsistent as it is unjust. If excitement be wrong in
religion, it must be wrong in everything else. If it be wrong in the
things of eternity, it must be much more so in the things of time. If
earnestness be fanaticism in religious matters, it must he something
worse than fanaticism in worldly matters. If crowds are wrong at the
revival-meeting, they must be no less so at the race-course. If it is
right for people to feel, and to give utterance to their glad or
their sorrowful emotions, in things pertaining to this life, it must
be no less right and proper to do the same in things pertaining to
that which is to come.
When,
then, the world parades certain extravagances in religious movements
as condemnatory of the whole work, we say, Physician, heal thyself!
Act, O world, upon the same principles you so fervently inculcate on
the Church, and then we shall believe you to be sincere. Disband your
armies, because vice and intemperance prevail in the ranks. Prohibit
commerce, because so many frauds and knaveries have been brought to
light among your merchants. Dissolve parliament for ever, because
bribes are given, and corruption stains the honour of your elections.
Issue a decree against poetry, because songs of impurity abound.
Annihilate the liberty of the press, because it is often but another
name for licentiousness and libel.
What
is a revival? Strictly speaking, it is the restoration of life
that has been lost, and in this sense it applies only to the Church
of God. But used in the more common acceptation, it is the turning of
multitudes to God. As conversion is the turning of a soul to God, so
a revival is a repetition of this same spiritual process in the case
of thousands. It is conversion upon a large scale. It is what
occurred under the apostles at Pentecost, when three thousand were
converted under one sermon. It is what took place at Corinth, at
Thessalonica, and Ephesus, when, under the preaching of the apostles,
multitudes believed and turned to the Lord. This is what we mean by a
revival In so far as it corresponds with these Scripture scenes, in
so far it is right, and we defend it; in so far as it departs from
Scripture precedent, or is inconsistent with Scripture rule, we do
not defend it. Let the opponents of revivals meet us here. We are
willing to apply this test. Are they? It is an equitable and
satisfactory one; they need not fear it, if it is truth they seek.
We
can suppose the existence of honest objections to revivals. If they
produce immorality, or sow sedition, or foster licentiousness, or are
the hot-beds of hypocrisy, then are they worthy of condemnation. But
are they such? Have they brought forth these fruits of evil? Have
they made men bad citizens, bad masters, bad parents, bad children?
Have they turned sober men into drunkards, chaste men into lewd,
peaceable men; into riotous, reverential men into blasphemers, loyal
men into seditious? Are they crowding or are they thinning our jails?
Are they filling or emptying our bars? Are they exciting or are they
allaying party spirit? Are they increasing or are they diminishing
the calendar of crimes and criminals?
Let us answer these questions by citing a few statements. Party
spirit has ceased wherever the revival has come, and enemies have
embraced each other, so that a Popish judge bears testimony to the
wonderful improvement, in this respect, in his own vicinity. The
drunken assemblages at weddings and funerals have not only ceased,
but been transformed into meetings for praise and prayer: and the
brutal scenes of brawling and bloodshed, on such occasions, are no
longer heard of. Thousands of drunkards have become sober, thousands
of blasphemers have turned from their profanity, the whole moral
aspect of families, of villages, of towns, has been altered for the
better. Hundreds of Romanists have
turned from their superstition; hundreds of Unitarians have owned the
Lord Jesus as God; poor, profligate females have turned from their
evil courses; bars have been shut up, and inroads made among those
whom we are accustomed to call the “masses,” such as have not
been made by any efforts heretofore.
It
would thus appear that the results of the Irish revivals have been
good, and not evil; good religiously, morally, socially. Their
tendencies are all in the right direction. So that even admitting all
that has been said against them, and making full allowance for what
are called extravagances, nay, assuming that there has been a mixture
of hypocrisy and deception in some cases, a very large balance
remains in their favour. They have diminished crime, they have turned
drunkenness into sobriety, dishonesty into honesty, brawling into
good neighbourhood, hatred into love. Of bad citizens they have made
good ones, of bad husbands and wives they have made good ones, of bad
masters good ones, of bad parents good ones, of bad children good
ones, and of mere formalists in religion they have made devout and
fervent worshippers.
These
are the results of what has taken place. “By their fruits ye shall
know them.” Are these the works of Satan? Are these things from
beneath or from above? Are they earthly or heavenly? If they be
Satan’s doings, then is his kingdom divided, and he is fighting
against himself.
It
is to be noticed, too, that the really religious men who have visited
the scenes are all convinced that the work is of God. Their enemies
are among the irreligious and profane. The Popish priests are against
them. The bar-keepers are against them. The Unitarians are against
them. The lovers of pleasure are against them. But these are the
things that tell so
strongly
in their favour.
Manifestly
the work is of God, not of man, nor of Satan. God has risen up to do
a work in our day worthy of Himself; a glorious work, in which human
instruments are set aside, and the Holy Spirit is the great and
indisputable worker. A work like this will not easily be overthrown.
It will not be put down by scoffing, nor injured by
misrepresentation, nor
arrested
by the hostility either of formal Protestants or angry Romanists.
Fling your handfuls of sand into the torrent, ye enemies of Christ;
will these arrest its victorious rush? Cast up embankments on the
Nile, from Thebes to Alexandria; will these hinder its overflow?
Bring your mighty engines to bear upon this divine conflagration that
is now blazing through Ulster; will you quench one spark? Send for
your Balaams, your lying prophets of the press, ye Balaks of Moab,
place them upon every green mountain, from Donegal to Downpatrick,
say to them, “Come, curse me Jacob, and come, defy Israel;” what
can the answer be but, “How shall I curse whom God hath not cursed,
how shall I defy whom the Lord hath not defied?”
http://www.chapellibrary.org/files/archive/pdf-english/rev2fg.pdf
Taken
from: Authentic Records of Revival compiled by William Reid; Biblical
Press, 1981.
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